BCOM CA PYTHON NOTES
The high-level, interpreted programming language Python is renowned for its readability and simplicity. It was made by Guido van Rossum and initially made available in 1991. Python has become incredibly popular, and it has a sizable and vibrant developer community.
Here are some of Python's main traits and attributes:
Readability: Python places a strong emphasis on writing readable, clear code that is simple to comprehend and maintain. Instead of using braces in its syntax, it uses indentation, which ensures code consistency and increases readability.
Python's design philosophy places a strong emphasis on clarity and simplicity. Compared to other languages, it offers a compact and expressive syntax that enables developers to write code in less lines.
Python is a flexible programming language that may be used for a wide range of tasks, including web development, data analysis, scientific computing, artificial intelligence, machine learning, automation, and more. For several disciplines, it provides substantial libraries and frameworks.
Cross-platform: Python is a cross-platform language, which means that with the right modifications, Python programmes may run on a variety of operating systems, including Windows, macOS, Linux, and even mobile devices.
Large Standard Library: Python has a sizable standard library that offers pre-built modules and functions for a variety of tasks. It has modules for data serialisation, networking, regular expressions, mathematical calculations, and file I/O.
Python has a robust ecosystem of third-party libraries and frameworks that expand its functionalities. NumPy, pandas, TensorFlow, Django, Flask, SQLAlchemy, Matplotlib, and SciPy are a few well-known examples.
Python is dynamically typed, which implies that variable types are deduced while the programme is running. More flexibility is possible, but type compatibility must also be taken into consideration.
Python is an interpreted language, which means that it doesn't require compilation before execution. The Python interpreter, on the other hand, reads and runs the code immediately.
Python supports object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts, enabling programmers to implement inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation, as well as build classes and objects.
Community and documentation: The development community in Python is active and friendly. The official Python website offers thorough lessons, resources, and documentation, making it simple to learn and get started with the language.
Due to its simplicity, versatility, and huge selection of libraries and frameworks, Python is widely utilised by both individuals and small and large corporations. For many applications, it has emerged as one of the most popular programming languages, and its use is only increasing.
Python History:
Python was invented by Guido van Rossum in 1991 at CWI in Netherland. The idea of Python
programming language has taken from the ABC programming language or we can say that ABC is a predecessor of Python language. There is also a fact behind the choosing name Python. Guido van Rossum was a fan of the popular BBC comedy show of that time, "Monty Python's Flying Circus". So he decided to pick the name Python for his newly created programming language. Python has the vast community across the world and releases its version within the short period.
Versions:
o Python laid its foundation in the late 1980s.
o The implementation of Python was started in December 1989 by Guido Van Rossum at CWI in
Netherland.
o In February 1991, Guido Van Rossum published the code (labeled version 0.9.0) to alt.sources.
o In 1994, Python 1.0 was released with new features like lambda, map, filter, and reduce.
o Python 2.0 added new features such as list comprehensions, garbage collection systems.
o On December 3, 2008, Python 3.0 (also called "Py3K") was released. It was designed to rectify the
fundamental flaw of the language.
o ABC programming language is said to be the predecessor of Python language, which was capable of
Exception Handling and interfacing with the Amoeba Operating System.
The following programming languages influence Python:
o ABC language.
o Modula-3
Why learn Python?
Python provides many useful features to the programmer. These features make it most popular and widely used language. We have listed below few-essential feature of Python.
o Easy to use and Learn Python is easy to learn as compared to other programming languages. Its syntax is straightforward and much the same as the English language. There is no use of the semicolon or curly-bracket, the indentation defines the code block. It is the recommended programming language for beginners.
o Expressive Language
Python can perform complex tasks using a few lines of code. A simple example, the hello world
program you simply type print("Hello World"). It will take only one line to execute, while Java
or C takes multiple lines.
o Interpreted Language
Python is an interpreted language; it means the Python program is executed one line at a time. The
advantage of being interpreted language, it makes debugging easy and portable.
o Object-Oriented Language
Python supports object-oriented language and concepts of classes and objects come into existence.
It supports inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation, etc. The object-oriented procedure helps
to programmer to write reusable code and develop applications in less code.
o Open Source Language
Python is freely available for everyone. It is freely available on its official website www.python.org. It has a large community across the world that is dedicatedly working towards make new python modules and functions. Anyone can contribute to the Python community. The open-source means, "Anyone can download its source code without paying any penny."
o Extensible
It implies that other languages such as C/C++ can be used to compile the code and thus it can be
used further in our Python code. It converts the program into byte code, and any platform can use
that byte code.
o Learn Standard Library
It provides a vast range of libraries for the various fields such as machine learning, web developer,
and also for the scripting. There are various machine learning libraries, such as Tensor flow,
Pandas, Numpy, Keras, and Pytorch, etc. Django, flask, pyramids are the popular framework for
Python web development.
o GUI Programming Support
Graphical User Interface is used for the developing Desktop application. PyQT5, Tkinter, Kivy are
the libraries which are used for developing the web application.
o Integrated
It can be easily integrated with languages like C, C++, and JAVA, etc. Python runs code line by
line like C,C++ Java. It makes easy to debug the code.
o Embeddable
The code of the other programming language can use in the Python source code. We can use
Python source code in another programming language as well. It can embed other language into
our code.
o Dynamic Memory Allocation
In Python, we don't need to specify the data-type of the variable. When we assign some value to
the variable, it automatically allocates the memory to the variable at run time.
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