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PYTHON NOTES FOR BSC AND BCA


PYTHON NOTES  FOR BSC AND BCA

PYTHON INTERODUCTION 

Python is a simple, general purpose, high level, and object-oriented programming language.
Python is an interpreted scripting language also. Guido Van Rossum is known as the founder of Python
programming.

What is Python:


Python is a general purpose, dynamic, high-level and interpreted programming language. It supports
Object Oriented programming approach to develop applications. It is simple and easy to learn and provides lots of high-level data structures.

Python is easy to learn yet powerful and versatile scripting language, which makes it attractive for
Application Development. Python's syntax and dynamic typing with its interpreted nature make it an ideal language for scripting and rapid application development. Python supports multiple programming pattern, including object-oriented, imperative, and functional or procedural programming styles.

Python is not intended to work in a particular area, such as web programming. That is why it is known
as multipurpose programming language because it can be used with web, enterprise, 3D CAD, etc.
Python makes the development and debugging fast because there is no compilation step included in Python development, and edit-test-debug cycle is very fast.

Python History:


Python was invented by Guido van Rossum in 1991 at CWI in Netherland. The idea of Python
programming language has taken from the ABC programming language or we can say that ABC is a predecessor of Python language. There is also a fact behind the choosing name Python. Guido van Rossum was a fan of the popular BBC comedy show of that time, "Monty Python's Flying Circus". So he decided to pick the name Python for his newly created programming language. Python has the vast community across the world and releases its version within the short period.

Versions:

o Python laid its foundation in the late 1980s.
o The implementation of Python was started in December 1989 by Guido Van Rossum at CWI in
Netherland.
o In February 1991, Guido Van Rossum published the code (labeled version 0.9.0) to alt.sources.
o In 1994, Python 1.0 was released with new features like lambda, map, filter, and reduce.
o Python 2.0 added new features such as list comprehensions, garbage collection systems.
o On December 3, 2008, Python 3.0 (also called "Py3K") was released. It was designed to rectify the
fundamental flaw of the language.
o ABC programming language is said to be the predecessor of Python language, which was capable of
Exception Handling and interfacing with the Amoeba Operating System.

The following programming languages influence Python:

o ABC language.
o Modula-3

Why learn Python?


Python provides many useful features to the programmer. These features make it most popular and widely used language. We have listed below few-essential feature of Python.

o Easy to use and Learn


Python is easy to learn as compared to other programming languages. Its syntax is straightforward
and much the same as the English language. There is no use of the semicolon or curly-bracket, the
indentation defines the code block. It is the recommended programming language for beginners.

o Expressive Language

Python can perform complex tasks using a few lines of code. A simple example, the hello world
program you simply type print("Hello World"). It will take only one line to execute, while Java
or C takes multiple lines.

o Interpreted Language


Python is an interpreted language; it means the Python program is executed one line at a time. The
advantage of being interpreted language, it makes debugging easy and portable.

o Object-Oriented Language


Python supports object-oriented language and concepts of classes and objects come into existence.
It supports inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation, etc. The object-oriented procedure helps
to programmer to write reusable code and develop applications in less code.

o Open Source Language


Python is freely available for everyone. It is freely available on its official
website www.python.org. It has a large community across the world that is dedicatedly working
towards make new python modules and functions. Anyone can contribute to the Python
community. The open-source means, "Anyone can download its source code without paying any
penny."

o Extensible


It implies that other languages such as C/C++ can be used to compile the code and thus it can be
used further in our Python code. It converts the program into byte code, and any platform can use
that byte code.

o Learn Standard Library


It provides a vast range of libraries for the various fields such as machine learning, web developer,
and also for the scripting. There are various machine learning libraries, such as Tensor flow,
Pandas, Numpy, Keras, and Pytorch, etc. Django, flask, pyramids are the popular framework for
Python web development.

o GUI Programming Support


Graphical User Interface is used for the developing Desktop application. PyQT5, Tkinter, Kivy are
the libraries which are used for developing the web application.

o Integrated


It can be easily integrated with languages like C, C++, and JAVA, etc. Python runs code line by
line like C,C++ Java. It makes easy to debug the code.

o Embeddable


The code of the other programming language can use in the Python source code. We can use
Python source code in another programming language as well. It can embed other language into
our code.

o Dynamic Memory Allocation


In Python, we don't need to specify the data-type of the variable. When we assign some value to
the variable, it automatically allocates the memory to the variable at run time.



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