DIGITAL IMAGING FULL NOTES FOR BCA
You've come to the right site if you're a BCA (Bachelor of Computer Applications) student seeking for thorough notes on digital imaging. Our comprehensive notes on digital imaging are tailored exclusively for BCA students, giving them a complete comprehension of this fascinating subject. Our curriculum covers all the critical facets of digital photography, covering everything from the fundamentals of image processing to cutting-edge methods like picture reduction and restoration. Our detailed notes are created to satisfy your demands, whether you want to increase your knowledge or your abilities. Discover our comprehensive digital imaging notes for BCA today to start your learning and development path in this fascinating industry.Introduction:
The process of recording, modifying, and storing visual content while utilising electrical gadgets and computer systems is referred to as digital imaging. These notes give a thorough introduction to digital imaging, highlighting the fundamental ideas, methods, and tools that are utilised in this industry.
DIGITAL IMAGING FULL NOTES FOR BCA
Image Representation:
Images are represented in digital imaging as a group of pixels, or tiny picture components. The definition of resolution and how it impacts image quality are covered in these notes. They also discuss colour representation and reproduction methods for digital images, including CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black) and RGB (Red, Green, Blue).
Image acquisition:
Image acquisition is the capture of visual content using a variety of tools, including digital cameras, scanners, or sensors. The fundamentals of image capture, including sensors, lenses, exposure, and white balance, are covered in these notes. Additionally, they discuss issues like picture file formats (JPEG, PNG, and TIFF) and their benefits and drawbacks.
Image processing:
Image processing is the term for a broad range of methods used to improve, edit, or analyse digital photographs. These notes provide an introduction to fundamental image processing techniques like cropping, scaling, and filtering. Additionally, they address more sophisticated methods including edge recognition, image segmentation, and image restoration.
Image Compression:
In order to reduce the size of digital photos without sacrificing their visual quality, image compression is essential. These notes describe several compression methods, such as lossy compression (used by JPEG, for example) and lossless compression (used by PNG, for example). They also talk about the compromises made between image quality and compression ratios.
DIGITAL IMAGE FUNDAMENTALS:
The field of digital image processing refers to processing digital images by means of digital computer. Digital image is composed of a finite number of elements, each of which has a particular location and value. These elements are called picture elements, image elements, pels and pixels. Pixel is the term used most widely to denote the elements of digital image.
An image is a two-dimensional function that represents a measure of some characteristic such as brightness or color of a viewed scene. An image is a projection of a 3- D scene into a 2D projection plane.
An image may be defined as a two-dimensional function f(x,y), where x and y are spatial (plane) coordinates, and the amplitude of f at any pair of coordinates (x,y) is called the intensity of the image at that point.
The term gray level is used often to refer to the intensity of monochrome images. Color images are formed by a combination of individual 2-D images.
For example: The RGB color system, a color image consists of three (red, green and blue) individual component images. For this reason many of the techniques developed for monochrome images can be extended to color images by processing the three component images individually.
An image may be continuous with respect to the x- and y- coordinates and also in amplitude. Converting such an image to digital form requires that the coordinates, as well as the amplitude, be digitized.
APPLICATIONS OF DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
Since digital image processing has very wide applications and almost all of the technical fields are impacted by DIP, we will just discuss some of the major applications of DIP.
Digital image processing has a broad spectrum of applications, such as
• Remote sensing via satellites and other spacecrafts
• Image transmission and storage for business applications
• Medical processing,
• RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging)
• SONAR(Sound Navigation and Ranging) and
• Acoustic image processing (The study of underwater sound is known as underwater acoustics or hydro acoustics.)
• Robotics and automated inspection of industrial parts. Images acquired by satellites are useful in tracking of
• Earth resources;
• Geographical mapping;
• Prediction of agricultural crops,
• Urban growth and weather monitoring
• Flood and fire control and many other environmental applications.
Space image applications include:
• Recognition and analysis of objects contained in images obtained from deep space-probe missions.
• Image transmission and storage applications occur in broadcast television
• Teleconferencing
• Transmission of facsimile images(Printed documents and graphics) for office automation Communication over computer networks
• Closed-circuit television based security monitoring systems and
• In military communications.
Medical applications:
• Processing of chest X- rays
• Cineangiograms
• Projection images of transaxial tomography and
• Medical images that occur in radiology nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)
• Ultrasonic scanning
IMAGE PROCESSING TOOLBOX (IPT) is a collection of functions that extend the capability of the MATLAB numeric computing environment. These functions, and the expressiveness of the MATLAB language, make many image-processing operations easy to write in a compact, clear manner, thus providing a ideal software prototyping environment for the solution of image processing problem.
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